Artificial Intelligence Tutorial

ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE [A REVOLUTION]:-

Artificial intelligence tutorial

The 21st century is known as the revolution in the field of science and technology. Nowadays the technology has reached a great extent. Artificial intelligence is also one of the most significant scales. It has started with the reasoning and probability, and now it has reached up to machine learning. It is one of the most significant achievements of the scientists and also the bright future of the science.

Points to be covered in this article:-

Following are the headings which I will discuss in this article:-

            1.    Introduction

            2.   History

            3.   Forms of Artificial intelligence

            4.    Application of Artificial intelligence

            5.     Future applications

            6.     Drawbacks of Artificial Intelligence

            7.     Conclusion

Introduction:-

Artificial Intelligence can be defined as the branch of computer science dealing with the simulation of intelligent behavior in computers. It can also be described as the method through which a machine and a human set up a communication channel.

Artificial intelligence is also defined as the:- 

The technology which is used to set up a medium of communication by which a machine works as per as the instruction of humans.

History:-

The history of Artificial intelligence (AI) began in antiquity, with myths, stories, and rumors. The plantation of modern AI was started by classical philosophers who attempted to describe the process of human thinking in collaboration with the machine learning. It culminated in the invention of the programmable digital computer in 1940's, which works on the abstract essence of mathematical reasoning.

The field of artificial intelligence research was founded at a workshop held on the campus of “Dartmouth college”  during summer of   1956.  It was predicted that a machine will exists which is as intelligent as a human.  The earlier approach was by knowledge reasoning which was based on the prediction.  In around 1950 to 1960, the artificial intelligence was considered a myth, fiction, and speculation.

Mechanical men artificial began appearing in Greek mythology, such as golden robot of “Hephaestus.”By the 19^th century, ideas about synthetic men and thinking machine were developed in fiction.Realistic humanoid automatons were built by craftsman from the civilians.

Forms of Artificial intelligence:-

There are various forms of the artificial intelligence, using which, we can study the advanced structure of the robots and machines.  The structure refers to the technological advancement of the artificial robotics and computers. Devices are able to understand verbal commands, distinguish pictures, drive cars and play games better than we do.  Intelligence exhibited by machines or software.  It is also the name of the academic field which studies how to create computers and computer software that are capable of doing advanced things which a human can’t do in real time.

The forms of artificial intelligence can be distinguished as:-

               1. Weak AI

              2. Strong AI

             3. Super Intelligence 

  Weak artificial intelligence:-

Weak artificial intelligence is also known as narrow AI is non-sentient artificial intelligence that is focused on one primary task. Weak artificial intelligence is an approach to artificial intelligence research and development with the consideration that AI is a simulation of human cognitive function. A good example of ineffective AI is characters in a computer game that acts according to the instruction given by the users.

Another example of the weak AI is Apple’s Siri, which has the internet behind it serving as the principal database. Siri is brilliant as it holds the conversation with actual people.

Strong artificial intelligence:-

Strong Intelligence is research and development into AI with similar abilities to humans such as consciousness, intentionally. This type of AI is recursive, in that it could improve itself. Strong AI doesn’t yet exist. Strong AI is a term used to describe a particular mindset of AI development. The strong AI  refers to the implementation of the assets of the human behavior through the machines.

At present active AI development is overshadowed by the immediate application of applied AI, at that field yields more tangible and quantifiable results.

Superintelligence:-

A superintelligence is a contingent agent that retains intelligence far surpassing the brightest and most gifted human minds. It may also refer to a property of problem-solving systems whether or not this high-level highbrow proficiency are epitomized in agents that acts in the world. A superintelligence may or may not be created by an intelligence explosion and demonstrate with a technological singularity.

Artificial Intelligence scenario

Application of artificial intelligence:-

As we know that the artificial intelligence has a wide range of application in different fields of science and technologies also on the aspects of arts, philosophy, psychology, etc.

Some of the essential applications are:-

    1.  Problem-solving:- 
This is the very first application of the artificial intelligence towards the solving the problems like the human beings do.

    2.  Playing Games:-

This is also one of the critical application of the artificial intelligence. As we know that the most of the games are played with a set of predefined rules. AI helps to interpret those regulations efficiently to make the task easier and faster.

     3.Language Understanding:-

The AI also helps for natural language understanding and also to interpret the instruction given to the computers.

 4.Perception:-  

It is the activity performed by the  AI which involves functionalities like-“Speech Reorganization,” “Pattern Reorganization.”

     5.  Image Processing:-

It is a simple task to attach a  camera to a computer so that computer can receive visual images. The primary goal of the image processing is to find the relation between the parts of images.

Future application of artificial intelligence:-

1. In nearby future, the artificial intelligence will help us to keep safe from the upcoming disasters.

2. Shimon Whitson says we will all become cyborgs.

3. AI will make the human better than anything in every field.

4. AI will help humans to behave like superhuman.

Drawbacks of artificial intelligence:- 

As we know that artificial intelligence also has some drawback:-

1.  The significant disadvantage of the artificial intelligence is involvement of manpower has reduced.

2.  It is more expensive the other technologies.

3.  The machine will not get any emotions inside it so we can say that we can’t create replicated humans.

 4.  Experience never matters to the machines.  
  
       5.  It has no original creativity.

Conclusion:-

Artificial intelligence is the latest upcoming revolution in the field of technology. It has a lot of advantage like usages in the different areas and also to develop the new robots and machines.

 In the other hands, AI also has some disadvantages like high cost and less human power involvement.
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Amazing and cool websites for enjoyment

AMAZING AND COOL EBULLIENT WEBSITES:-

Hi  Everyone,

                          As I have listed categories of the websites on the first blog of awesome and cool sites, in which I have discussed some fantastic websites in education and entertainment. So continuing here comes the third types of the website categories "Ebullient." In this blog, I am going to tell you about some cool websites which might give you information about the activities happening around us.

List Of Ebullient Websites:--

1.map.norsecorp.com:-

 This is the of the of the fantastic website which shows the live cyber attacks going on the different country at a time. On this site, you can see the black preview of the world map with up going cyber attacks. Here you can see the outline of the world in the shaded structure which shows the attacks which are in action. Cyber attacks regions are also specified as the percentage of damage and all the countries which are involved. This is really very ebullient websites which may give you some knowledge about the cyber attacks and crimes.

  

2.gtmatrix.com:-

  This is one of the useful websites, or in the other way, we can say that it is a platform where we can analyze the speed of any site.You can even check the performance of your own websites(if any) and can moderate it to make efficient.It provides the complete analysis of the websites with its performance. You can even test the loading time of your site and the executing time. This website analyzes the websites ( even the blogs) and rates the factors related to the websites.

3.archive.org:-

  

This is another fascinating website either we can say that The Proof of "Past" because on this site you can see the history of any website when that was started and how was that looking. You can see any website history like youtube or facebook etc.

     On this website, you can see when these sites were updated and what kind of updates were done.
On this websites, you can see the journey of the sites which means when this website has been started and how does it look like. This website has the record of every update of the websites which has been taken into action. It has a complete history of the website status.

4.kickassapp.com:-

   

This is also one of the cool websites to use. This site specifies that if you are getting Bored of any account or website, then you can just delete that link from the web. This website allows you to remove the link to any own sites.This website will also help the user to deactivate any relationship which is not in use. This website deletes the links every connection permanently from the internet. It can disable any of the social relations as well as the relationships websites links.

5.internet-map.net:-

   This is the website which has listed the Websites according to their popularity. Using this site, you will see the small color fades which have its name written on it. They are listed by their daily uses. On this websites, there are about more than 10 lakh websites listed according to their popularity and usages. It is a fascinating website which shows the websites name as such they exist on the internet, This site contains the websites according to the popularity and the number of users. Users can see the websites ranking also which are more prominent in size and which are smaller in size. On this site, the users can know how much websites are ranking nowadays with the popularity.

6.flightradar24.com:-

 This is the adorable website which shows the position of the flights which are flying currently in the air. You have to first set the location, and then you may see the running flights.On clicking on the pictures of any trips you can see the source and the destination of that particular plane.
In this website, the user can also know how many flights are currently flying. Here the users can even get the information of flights source place and the destination place. This website thoroughly tracks the flights status.

7.web.nike.com/xp/sbdunk/index.html:-

This website is created by the Nike company which has listed his all the products from the starting shoes to till new design with their names.

     If you have interest in the shoes, then you must visit this website.

Here you can find all types of shoes manufactured by Nike form starting till now a day.Nike has listed all the designs which have been created by him and how does it look like. This website is beneficial to the fashion blogger.They can take a view and can know about the models of shoes which has been designed by the Nike. It is a great initiative and excellent websites. 

8.myfridgefood.com:-

This is one of the cooking websites whereby entering the food items you have in the room you will get the suggestion what to cook now.

                                    As we know that cooking is not as easy, so on this website, you can understand about what food you want to cook on this basis of your food items that you have now This site is also beneficial to the person who doesn't know how to cook. Cooking has a considerable scope and too lots of variety. It has an extensive list of food items through which you have to select the things which you have, Then this website will help you to know which food items you can make with it.
This website is also beneficial to the food bloggers who will help in deciding how they can make new delicious dishes.

9.mailinator.com:-

  
This is one of the most helpful websites in our daily life for security reasons. There are several websites which ask email to access site and return of that you may get spam messages from it. So this website provides you a currently open email id to just log in to such kind of websites. Suppose you want to access sites  for a small time, but you don't want to receive the emails from that websites regularly. Because sometimes it may be annoying. So this website will be beneficial to you in a way that it provides you a mail id which will be active only for the short duration. Through which you can access your websites and also be safe from the unwanted mail ids.

10.ninite.com:-

  If you want to install or update any websites, you may just go to this site and can download or install any software.

              What you be your reaction when you see every classmate together at a place. Exactly the same is this website. Here you will find all the software, and you can download from this site too. 
It is excellent websites where you can get an extensive collection of the software for various operating systems like Windows, Linux, mac. By selecting your operating system, it will provide youth list of the websites, and you can download or update every software which is essential for you.

11.lines.chromeexperiments.com:-

It is the very cool website whereby drawing a line by the pointer will draw the picture of the internet-map. On this site when you draw a line with an arrow then this website will give you a 3d image of the places on the internet. This is a very much exciting website that you must try.
On this websites, by giving the line sketch by the mouse pad, you will receive the image (3D) from this site. It works as the user interface where interaction between the users and the website is excellent.

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 LINKS TO EBULLIENT WEBSITES:-

1,map.norsecrop.

2.Gtmatrix.

3.archive.

4.kickassapp.

5.internet-map.

6.flightradar24.

7.nike.

8. Myfridgefood.

9. Mailinator.

10. Ninite.

11. lines.chrome.

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Lifi Technology

LI-FI(LIGHT-FIDELITY [THE UPCOMING REVOLUTION]:-

Light Fidelity

LiFi is the acronym of the Light-Fidelity.

Whether you‘re using wireless internet in a coffee shop, stealing it from the guy next door, o or competing for bandwidth at a conference, you’ve probably gotten frustrated at the slow speeds you face when more than one device is tapped into the network.Nowadays every user focuses on high speed because Loading is mostly hated by the internet users. 

                                                                          

We all want to access data which we want to use in the high-speed internet. LiFi is such the technology which has brought a heavy revolution in the field of internet.What if we could use other waves to surf the internet?

One German physicist, Dr. Harald Haas, has come up with a solution he calls “Data Through

Illumination” taking the fiber out of fiber optics by sending data through an LED light bulb that varies in intensity faster than the human eye can follow.

 Topics covered in this article:-

 1. Introduction to LI-FI

 2. History of Li-fi

 3. Drawbacks of Radio Spectrum 

 4. How does LI-FI work

 5. Wi-Fi Vs. Li-Fi

 6. Application of LI-FI

 7. Limitations of LI-FI

 8. Conclusion 

 Introduction to LI-FI(LIGHT-FIDELITY):-

 Li-Fi technology is based on LED to the transfer of data. The transmission of the data can be with the help of all kinds of light, no matter the part of the spectrum that they belong. That is, the light can belong to the invisible, ultraviolet or the visible part of the range.

 Li-Fi can be thought of as a light-based Wi-Fi. It uses light instead of radio waves for the transmit the  information.Instead of using WI-Fi modems it uses transceiver-fitted LED lamps that can light a  room as well as transmit and receive the information.

 History of Li-fi Technology:-

 Li-Fi was introduced in 1997 and presented by Harald Haas. Li-Fi has shown that it's 100 times faster than Wi-Fi. In October 2011, companies and industry groups formed the Li-Fi setup, to promote high-speed optical wireless system and to overcome the limited amount of radio-based wireless spectrum available by maneuver a completely different part of the electromagnetic spectrum. By August 2013, data rates of over 1.6 gbit/s were determine over a single color LED. in 2013, a press release said that Li-Fi, or VLC systems in general, do not require line-of-sight conditions. In October 2013, it was reported Chinese manufacturers were working on Li-Fi development kits. On 12th July he used a table lamp with an LED bulb to transmit a video if blooming flowers that projected onto a screen behind him. During the event, he periodically blocked the light from the lamp to prove that the fire was indeed the source of incoming data.

Drawbacks of Radio Spectrum:-

There were some drawbacks of the running radio spectrum has shown some great impact on the data transfer speed. Some of the reasons are as follows:-

1.Capacity:-

Capacity is the main disadvantage of the running radio spectrum. As in the 21th era the number of users of the internet services has increased very fast. The increment in the name of users has bought the capacity problem. It has also high cost and less bandwidth than the Li-Fi.

2.Availability:-

Due to the increment in the numbers of the internet users and the transmission of significant data the availability problem has befallen. Radio spectrum has the limited availability than the li-fi. It is not available in the aircraft.

3. Efficiency:-

The efficiency of the radio spectrum has also decreased in the massive amount because the amount of data has increased in the considerable amount. It has a significant impact on the uses of the internet because it is the deciding factor of the data transfer speed. It has only 5% of total efficiency.

4. Security:-

Security is the most critical activity in the internet usages. It is the major of the importance of the data we store, transfer, use. Safety has decreased in the use of radio spectrum.

Due to all these drawbacks, we are moving towards the Li-Fi.

How do LI-FI works:-

How do Li-Fi works, it works by an Estonian startup called Velmenni used a Li-Fi-enable light bulb to transmit data at speeds as fast as 1 gigabit per second, which is about 100 times faster than current Wi-Fi technology, meaning a high-definition film could be downloaded within seconds.

As we are aware that due to increase in the number of users the radio waves are insufficient to fulfill the demand for high speed, so the Li-Fi concept came into existence.The operational procedure of li-fi is straightforward if the LED is ON you can transfer data and if the LED is OFF you can transfer digital 0. Every light source present will work as the hub.

Wi-Fi Vs. Li-Fi:-

The difference between the li-fi and wifi has been shown below in the image form.

credits:- SlideShare

Application of LI-FI:-

There are extensive range of the application f LI-FI as follows:-

1.Traffic Lights:-

                            Li-fi may be used in the traffic lights to ensure the excellent communication between the cars. As the vehicle has the LED headlights so it can surely transmit the signal to each other and prevent the accidents.

2.Airlines:-

                   The significant disadvantage of the wifi was the limited bandwidth, and also it was not for aircrafts. But LiFi is being used in the airlines also. It will be used where ever the LED lights are.

3.Hospitals:-

                  Li-fi will be applicable in the hospitals also in future. Many medical instruments will work on the li-fi. It will automate the traditional methods of the surgery.

4.On Ocean beds:-

                               Li-fi can also be used in the deep oceans too where the wifi fails completely. This will help in the navigation. It will also help the military system also.

* Street lights can also be used as the free access points.

* It will reduce the electricity bills and also the maintenance bill.

Limitation Of Li-fi:-

There are also some of the limitations of the li-fi. As Everything in the world has some merits and demerits. In the same way, the LI-Fi also has some limitations as follows:-

       * The significant disadvantage of the li-fi is that "light can't pass through objects."

       * Interfaces from external sources like sun light, standard bulb, the thick material in the path of transmission will cause an interruption  in the communication.

       * The installation charge(cost)  of the VLC( Visible Light Communication) is very high. This makes the system cost.

      * One of the most significant challenges in the li-fi system is that how a device which is currently receiving the data will transmit back the information to the transmitter.

      * A whole new setup should be created for the li-fi system.

      * The complete data transmission process maybe affected by the small light of sources.

Conclusion:-

Now at this stages we have known about the li-fi technology. So let's conclude the entire information in short.

 Li-fi is the high-speed technology for the data transfer. It does not need any medium for the data transmission process. Li-fi is costly and also can't transfer through walls.

Li-fi can be easily extended with the help of array. It will create a revolution in the field of data transfer.

There are some countries where li-fi is being used such as china, Russia but in the small extent.

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